Many students come to college with a prior history of mental health difficulties or treatment. Environmental stressors in combination with a predisposition to experience mental health problems may increase the risk for suicide. In a recent national survey, 16% of college students reported being diagnosed with a depressive disorder, many within the last year. Over 90% of persons who commit suicide have a diagnosable mental disorder, typically a depressive disorder or substance abuse disorder. Men are especially at risk for completed suicide. College-age men are four to six times more likely to die by suicide than women. Women are two to three times more likely to attempt suicide using nonlethal means than men.
When Should Someone Seek Immediate Assistance?
When they are...
- Threatening or talking about wanting to hurt or kill him/herself
- Looking for ways to kill him/herself by seeking access to firearms or other means
- Talking or writing about death, dying, or suicide
How Can I Help Someone Who May Be Suicidal?
- Show interest and be supportive.
- Be direct; ask them if they are considering suicide or have a plan.
- Don't be judgmental, give advice, or try to talk them out of suicide.
- Don't swear to secrecy.
- Offer hope that alternatives are available.
- Don't leave the person alone.
- Take action, remove means, and assist them in getting the help they need.
- Inform Residence Life and Housing staff if you live in a residence hall.
- Consult with a counselor as needed.
How Common Is Suicide and Suicidal Feelings Among College Students?
- Suicide is the third leading cause of death for 15-24-year-olds
- In a recent national survey, 10.3% of college students reported that they seriously considered suicide in the past 12 months
Facts About Suicide
- Most suicidal persons want to live but are unable to see alternatives to their problems.
- Most suicidal persons give warnings of their intentions, but others are either unaware or do not know how to respond.
- Talking about suicide does not cause someone to be suicidal.
- Just because a person talks about suicide (expresses his/her feelings), does not mean he/she is no longer at risk for suicide.
- Most suicide attempts are expressions of extreme distress, not harmless bids for attention.
What Are the Risk Factors for Suicide?
- Depression and other mental disorders, or a substance abuse disorder
- Stressful life events, in combination with other risk factors such as depression
- A prior suicide attempt
- Family history of mental disorder, substance abuse, or suicide
- A history of family violence or abuse
- Access to a firearm or other lethal means such as medications
What Are Some Warning Signs?
- Deteriorating academic performance
- Depression, dramatic mood changes
- Hopelessness
- Preoccupation with death
- Anxiety or agitation
- Uncontrolled anger or rage
- Engaging in risky activities
- Withdrawing from friends and family
- Neglecting appearance and hygiene
- Increased alcohol or drug use
- Giving away prized possessions
Is Suicide Preventable?
Yes! Specific kinds of psychotherapy have been found to be effective in treating suicide. Medications are also effective in treating the symptoms that contribute to suicide, such as depression and anxiety. Remember, you are not alone and help is available!